The Kalam Cosmological Argument part two

The following might be some fairly obvious observations to some. But they completely blow my mind, and I think they further show the problems with the KCA as a logical argument.

Premise 2 of the Kalam Cosmological Argument states that “the universe began to exist.” Then it supposes that it must, therefore, have had a cause.

The problem with this is that the universe has always existed. Remember, we are assuming the view that the universe had a beginning and that it was the beginning of all matter, space and time (though in reality this is just one way of viewing the origin of the universe).

“But wait”, you might say, “the universe had a beginning. It has not always been here.”

But “the universe had a beginning” and “the universe has always been here” are not mutually exclusive. I might ask, “When did the universe not exist?” and the answer (assuming our premises) is NEVER. The universe has never not existed. Therefore the universe has always existed. What the beginning tells us is simply that our concept of “always” is not infinite, but can be measured - at least into the past.

This is completely bizarre, I know. But everything is when we consider the origin of space, time and matter!

The KCA seems to subtly imply that time did not ACTUALLY begin to exist at the beginning, but rather that there must have been some time before in which God created the universe. But there was nothing before the beginning. Conservative theists trying to “prove” God logically often claim that He therefore exists “outside of time.” We’ll get more into that in part 3, but for part 2 it is enough to show that the universe has always been here, and that it’s beginning is far different than anything else that has had a beginning inside the universe.

Conclusion - There has never been a time that the universe did not exist. The second after it came into existence, the universe had always existed. And it has still always existed. The KCA seems to have refer to the universe’s lack of infinity, rather than to the beginning as an event, for its argument. We'll get to that later. Thanks for reading!

"Experiencing God" by Susan Adams

The following is another entry for the "God Strategy" project. The others are on the old blog which is no longer available, though I still have copies if anyone wants to read them. I think this one is the 6th or 7th entry:


My Life . . .
Begins and continues, the sun shining through
sparkling glass, clear, cleaned to polished perfection.
Suddenly an explosion of lightning shatters the glass
causing the pieces to rain down unexpectedly.
A soft, gentle hand picks up the splintered fragments
and carefully cements them back into place creating
tiny prisms, jagged spectrums ready to receive light.
The sun again dawns through a welcoming window
projecting perfect rainbows through imperfect
panes, signaling promises kept.
I stand in awe . . .

This poem is an attempt to try and explain my God experience. The glass has shattered more than once in my life, yet I have never experienced hopelessness. There has been the knowledge of a real presence with me to comfort and guide me and grow me during very difficult times and during times of absolute joy - during all of life. He is my creator, sustainer, and loving parent. He does not forsake me when I am angry with Him, when I question Him, or when I experience times of doubt. I do not know this relationship exists, I cannot prove it; and yet I know this relationship exists and is real and vibrant. I am forever grateful . . .

Thought provoking video

This is a great, relatively short video that demonstrates very clearly the problems in arguing logically for God. It also shows that the implications of this is that if we do decide to take a "leap of faith" then we cannot in any way justify expecting others to do the same. It gets a bit preachy at the end, in a way I TOTALLY agree with, about how the way we treat others shows more about us than what dogma we are intellectually submissive to. I recognize the difficulties that can come from this argument, because we can argue that how we treat people is dependent on whatever "metaphysical" views we adopt, but it's still a great, thought-provoking video. Thanks, Vernicus.

New Little Dragon

I have a new 6 year old Little Dragon that is learning guitar. I usually make up simple songs and write them out for young students. Then I ask the student to name the songs. Usually they struggle to do so, but eventually come up with something like "Sunlight" or "Guitar Song". All kids are creative, but sometimes on the spot, it doesn't pan out.

This new Little Dragon has named four songs so far, and they are pretty good. Here they are, in order:

1. "March of the Dolphin" Think about it. That is pretty funny.

2. "The Penguin Learns to Skip"

3. "The Dolphin learns to Fly" - a bit of a re-tread, but still good.

4. "Snoopy Learns To Not Get Shot Down By The Red Baron"


I'm going to write another song next week, just to see what the title will be.

Blog Adventures part two update

Here are the couple of comments on received on Wade Burleson's blog. Most of the comments were about his original blog which concerned the Baptist Faith and Message of 1963 vs. the 2000 update. But here are the two brief interactions I had, one with "THY PEACE" and one with Wade.


THY PEACE:

There is one big difference between Christ's followers and other religions. For Christ's followers the Source is Our Lord Jesus Christ. We draw strength from Him. We draw life from Him. When we love others, it is Christ we is loving through us. For other religions, it is mostly innate or the power of self to love others. There are limits to this love. Whereas the love as shown by a Christian, there are no limits, for Our Source is the giver of this love.

This has to be experienced by a believer, that on their own they have no power to do any good. But with Our Lord Jesus Christ, all things are possible. Here the important thing is to distinguish between what one's self is desiring and what The Spirit is desiring. I honestly believe this is the tripping point for lot of Christians. They intend to do lot of good and they do some good but of their own power, rather than drawing on the power of Our Lord Jesus Christ. And the results do not bear much fruit. Yes, we need discernment in validating the fruit too.


STEVEN STARK:

"For Christ's followers the Source is Our Lord Jesus Christ."

Couldn't I interpret the physical sounds of the words "Jesus Christ" and the mental image in your head when you think of Jesus - as the sign rather than the source? After all, surely your mental image is not close to what the actual Jesus looked like and surely the historical Jesus would not have recognized the sounds "Jesus Christ" as His name. In other words, is it the names and mental images or the ESSENCE of something that is important?

" For other religions, it is mostly innate or the power of self to love others."

I'll focus on Buddhism - a main idea of Buddhism is that separate self is an illusion. I'll agree on the "innate" part though. God created man in His own image, after all.

"Whereas the love as shown by a Christian, there are no limits, for Our Source is the giver of this love."

If we are measuring "Love" in quantity, I doubt there are many Christians who show more love than the Dalai Lama. If "love" is meant qualitatively here - that is so subjective that we cannot possibly measure it. We cannot know for sure what others experience. Judgement would be unwise.

thanks for the words,

Steven


WADE BURLESON:

Steven,

Interesting comment.

I would say that the difference between Christianity and Buddhism is that Buddhism uses love as a prescription for life, while Christianity sees love as the evidence of life.

In other words, Jesus Christ is life, and life eternal. Apart from faith in Him, particularly and specifically faith in His work on our behalf (a work that no sinful human being can accomplish), we are separated from God. That work, of course, is the work of "atonement."

Ted Kennedy in his memoirs confessed to feeling guilt for many of his mistakes in life and tried to make "atonement" (his word) for them toward the end of his life. In my view, if somebody tries to "love" to be right with God instead of loving "because" they are right with God, they've got the cart before the horse.

Blessings

Wade


STEVEN STARK:

"if somebody tries to "love" to be right with God instead of loving "because" they are right with God, they've got the cart before the horse."

I agree with this sentiment. But I think it's right on track with Buddhism. Transformation on the inside is essential to create true transformation on the outside. The "outside" is evidence of the "inside" as you say. Anything else is unsustainable.

The Kalam Cosmological Argument part one

The Kalam Cosmological Argument is a philosophical argument often used for God’s existence. The foremost defender of the KCA is William Lane Craig - an articulate and intelligent Christian philosopher and apologist. He formulates the KCA this way:

Premise 1: Everything that begins to exist has a cause.
Premise 2: The universe began to exist.
Conclusion 1: Therefore, the universe must have a cause.

This sort of makes sense, doesn’t it? Of course, it also sort of doesn’t. I’m going to bring up objections to this argument in a few posts.

I should start by saying that there are many views about the origin of the universe. Some physicists believe that there is a multiverse of which our universe is only one. Others think we will never know for sure what happened. Others believe that the universe did not necessarily have a beginning. But many scientists believe that our universe is everything that has ever existed, and that it did have a definite beginning at the Big Bang, and that this is the moment when time itself began to exist. This latter view is the one Craig supports, and it is the one I will be arguing from.

Craig defines “begins to exist” as “comes into being”. He states that no one thinks that a tiger could just pop into existence without a cause. This makes sense. So let’s think, how did a tiger come into being? The first law of thermodynamics tells us that the amount of energy/mass in the universe stays the same. So the atoms that now make up a tiger were once other creatures, plants, inanimate objects, light, etc. And in the future, when the tiger dies, all the atoms will turn into other things, playing a part in causing those things’ existence. It’s quite amazing. Therefore, “begins to exist” means “reorganized from something else.”

Yet Craig does not believe that the universe is something that has been “reorganized from something else.” Remember this is the universe itself we are talking about, which is everything. We are no longer discussing certain materials inside the universe turning into other things. Once again, in premise 1 “begins to exist” is the reorganization of matter/energy into different things. In Premise 2 “began to exist” cannot mean the same thing since, in Craig’s view, the beginning of the universe was the beginning of all materials. There was nothing from which the universe could have been reorganized.

Conclusion:

Premise 1 - “Begins to exist” means “reorganized out of existing materials”
Premise 2 - “Began to exist” means “coming into being out of nothing” (which is, ironically, the very thing Craig argues against in his tiger example).

Since “begins to exist” actually means two different things in the KCA’s premises, despite initially sounding like it doesn’t, this is a Fallacy of Equivocation.

Two good books

The Bible: A Biography by Karen Armstrong

My rating: 4 of 5 stars Armstrong is great at writing concise, clear biographies on difficult subjects (the Buddha for instance). This is an easy read, full of information. It will challenge you if you think that the purpose of Scripture has always been what it often is today. Fascinating stuff. View all my reviews >>

The Birth of Christianity: Discovering What Happened In the Years Immediately After the Execution Of Jesus by John Dominic Crossan

My rating: 4 of 5 stars You don't have to agree with all of Crossan's conclusions to see that THIS is how you study early Christianity - through anthropology, archaealogy, textual criticism, etc. etc. Read this book only if you are very, very, very interested in what may have happened in between Jesus' life and the letters of Paul. At times it is fascinating (studying oral tradition of different cultures, memory studies, textual criticism, etc.). At times it is really detailed and boring - but that's only because Crossan tirelessly explains his methodology. Interesting stuff - I read it over a few months. View all my reviews >>